Cosmetic Surgery Lange

Physical attractiveness of the face has a significant impact on the social life and daily interaction of individuals as well as one’s general perception of life. Proper surgical planning for aesthetic facial surgery requires a meticulous analysis of the patient’s current and desired facial features from the perspective of both soft and hard tissues. Significantly greater changes to facial aesthetics can be made via the alteration of the main bony structures of the face than by alteration of soft tissue and skin alone. Various surgical and clinical techniques are available for the augmentation, reduction or refinement of the most prominent aspects of facial aesthetics, such as alterations to the cheek, chin, nose, para-nasal area, as well as the angle of the jaw.

Physical attractiveness of the face has a significant impact on the social life and daily interaction of individuals as well as one’s general perception of life. Proper surgical planning for aesthetic facial surgery requires a meticulous analysis of the patient’s current and desired facial features from the perspective of both soft and hard tissues. Significantly greater changes to facial aesthetics can be made via the alteration of the main bony structures of the face than by alteration of soft tissue and skin alone. Various surgical and clinical techniques are available for the augmentation, reduction or refinement of the most prominent aspects of facial aesthetics, such as alterations to the cheek, chin, nose, para-nasal area, as well as the angle of the jaw.

This volume is a collection of reviewed and relevant research chapters that offer a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of medicine.

Cosmetic surgery was once associated with a one-size-fits-all approach, modifying patients to conform to a single standard of beauty. As this surgery has become more accessible worldwide, changing beauty trends have led to a proliferation of beauty standards for members of different racial groups. Alka V. Menon enters the world of cosmetic surgeons, journeying from a sprawling convention center in Kyoto to boutique clinics in the multicultural countries of the United States and Malaysia.