Novel Saw Devices in Cmos For Biosensor Applications

The performance of voltage controlled oscillators (VCO) is of extreme importance for any telecommunication or data communication system. This practical guide develops a systematic, fully-integrated LC-VCO design for low power and low phase noise, especially useful to meet the demands on mobile devices such as cell phones. The proposed VCO design approaches are experimentally verified with several fully integrated CMOS VCOs. The concise presentation is offered in three parts (VCO design; CMOS devices for VCO design; and fully-integrated CMOS DESIGNS) and supplemented by an appendix summarizing the state of the art.

This book highlights the synthesis/fabrication of novel materials for different kinds of optical applications. It covers all aspects of optical applications starting from LED/Lasers, SERS, bio-sensing, bio-imaging and non-linear optical applications such as optical limiting, saturable absorbers etc.

This book offers the first comprehensive coverage of microwave medical imaging, with a special focus on the development of novel devices and methods for different applications in both the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. Upon introducing the fundamentals of electromagnetic imaging, it guides the readers to their use in practice by providing extensive information on the corresponding measurement and testing techniques. In turn, it discusses current challenges in data processing and analysis, presenting effective, novel solutions, developed by different research groups. It also describes state-of-the-art medical devices, which were designed for specific applications, such as brain stroke monitoring, lymph node diagnosis, image-guided hyperthermia, and chemotherapy response monitoring.

Nowadays, real-time applications of Fuzzy Logic in different domains are being increasingly reported. ASIC-based analog hardware becomes an interesting solution for these kinds of applications because it benefits from: savings on silicon surface and power consumption, readily accomplishment with strict timing constraints and cost-effective production. This book focuses in-depth on the VLSI CMOS implementation and application of programmable analog Fuzzy Logic Controllers following a mixed-signal philosophy. This is to say, signals are processed in the analog domain whereas programmability is achieved by means of standard digital memories.

Sensors are the eyes or/and ears of an intelligent system, such as UAV, AGV and robots. With the development of material, signal processing, and multidisciplinary interactions, more and more smart sensors are proposed and fabricated under increasing demands for homes, the industry, and military fields. Networks of sensors will be able to enhance the ability to obtain huge amounts of information (big data) and improve precision, which also mirrors the developmental tendency of modern sensors.

Design of Multi-Bit Delta-Sigma A/D Converters discusses both architecture and circuit design aspects of Delta-Sigma A/D converters, with a special focus on multi-bit implementations. The emphasis is on high-speed high-resolution converters in CMOS for ADSL applications, although the material can also be applied for other specification goals and technologies.

Why a book on Iatchup? Latchup has been, and continues to be, a potentially serious CMOS reliability concern. This concern is becoming more widespread with the ascendency of CMOS as the dominant VLSI technology, particularly as parasitic bipolar characteristics continue to improve at ever smaller dimensions on silicon wafers with ever lower defect densities. Although many successful parts have been marketed, latchup solutions have often been ad hoc. Although latchup avoidance techniques have been previously itemized, there has been little quantitative evaluation of prior latchup fixes. What is needed is a more general, more systematic treatment of the latchup problem. Because of the wide variety of CMOS technologies and the long term interest in latchup, some overall guiding principles are needed. Appreciating the variety of possible triggering mechanisms is key to a real understanding of latchup. This work reviews the origin of each and its effect on the parasitic structure. Each triggering mechanism is classified according to a new taxonomy.