Alternative Approaches to British Defence Policy

“Grounded in historical context, Lopez draws on her experience as a practitioner and scholar to methodologically examine ‘the continued tensions in education and schooling.’ Decolonizing education in these unprecedented times amid a pandemic and racial unrest is a call to action in schools and society.”

“Grounded in historical context, Lopez draws on her experience as a practitioner and scholar to methodologically examine ‘the continued tensions in education and schooling.’ Decolonizing education in these unprecedented times amid a pandemic and racial unrest is a call to action in schools and society.”
—Gaëtane Jean-Marie, Dean and Professor of Educational Leadership, Rowan University, USA

Currently blood is a volatile issue. The safety of blood and the quantification of transfusion risks have been dominant themes that have stimulated the development of alternative approaches in this rapidly developing area. In clinical medicine conventional blood and its components are used in supportive therapies dependent on the choice of apparent uncritical trigger factors. A compounding factor is depth of prospective clinical trials for evidence. Such trials in critical care areas would be of enormous value, not only in recording adverse effects and under-transfusion, but also indicating the value of decision analysis and cost-effectiveness in transfusion practice. Alternative approaches include the use of cytokines, growth factors, humanised monoclonal antibodies, recombinant plasma factors, and buffy coat derived natural human interferons.