Antonio Caldara Vaticini di Pace

Hungarian conductor Pál Németh seems to be starting a series of larger-sacred works by Viennese composer Antonio Caldara. Coming on the heels of his Paschal work La passion di Gesù Cristo , likewise on Hungaroton, this particular oratorio features something that should resonate in Budapest, since it focuses on King Stephen, the country’s patron saint. Regardless of the subject matter, however, the work conforms to the typical Italian oratorio of the early 18th century, that is to say, a sacred mirror of the opera seria consisting of a series of da capo arias following recitatives.

With Antonio Caldara’s 'Morte e sepoltura di Christo', released on Glossa just after a new album devoted to Vivaldi’s late violin concertos, Fabio Biondi returns to the Italian oratorio, another of his specialities. The Venetians Caldara and Vivaldi may have been contemporaries but their career paths led them in different directions, and Caldara was to spend much time working in Mantua and Rome before securing the position of vice-Kapellmeister for the Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI in Vienna.

A signal moment in the arrival of Italian music on Spanish soil came in the summer of 1708 when Antonio Caldara, finding his opportunities for providing dramatic works for the opera-loving Duke of Mantua limited by the War of the Spanish Succession, headed off to Barcelona to take on acommission for putting on an operatic work from Archduke Charles (“Carlos III”), who was preparing his own wedding festivities at the court he had established in order to contend for the Spanish throne.

ATMA Classique presents the debut recording of Le Nouvel Opéra, a Montreal-based company under the artistic leadership of soprano Suzie LeBlanc, with music director Alexander Weimann and stage director Marie Nathalie Lacoursiere. Their inaugural recording features Antonio Caldara’s oratorio La Conversione di Clodoveo, Rè di Francia — a work the company first performed in Potsdam in 2005, celebrating the the milennial anniversary of Christianity in Germany.

The oratorio as a musical form emerged toward the end of the seventeenth century as a kind of "spiritual exercise" encouraged by the Congregazione dell'Oratorio in Rome. The performances took place in oratories (prayer halls) constructed above church naves and were intended to be attractive but edifying entertainments. Then as later, oratorios generally reflected the popular forms and styles of secular music – and in late Renaissance and Baroque Italy, this meant opera, though based on religious rather than mythological and heroic themes. The most prolific composer in this genre was Antonio Caldara (c1670-1736); New Grove lists 43 oratorios (in addition to many operas) and there are probably more that have been lost, written for patrons in his native Venice, Rome, Florence, Mantua, and Vienna.

Antonio Caldara (c.1670-1736) was in his time a celebrated composer. He has left behind a very extensive oeuvre of operas, cantatas, masses, oratorios and motets. On this double CD the oratorio "La conversioni di Clodoveo, re di Francia" is recorded. The oratory, originally in Latin, was the spiritual opposite of the opera; gradually it has separated itself from ecclesiastical performances and became a sort of replacement of the opera during the rest periods of the theater. "La conversione" had its premiere in Rome in 1715. The libretto is based on historical facts. The story is about King Clovis, invincible and only believing in himself and Clothilde, his consort, who directs attention to his inner self and eventually converts him to the Christian faith. The performance is from Le Parlement de Musique led by Martin Gester.

This release marks the world-premiere recording and rediscovery of Antonio Caldara’s La Concordia de’ pianeti, a musical serenade of operatic magnitude composed for the court of Austrian Emperor Karl VI, featuring the creme de la creme of the day’s singers, including the legendary castrato Carestini (Franco Fagioli’s part).

This the work was first given in Vienna during Holy Week, 1729, the first of many collaborations between Caldara and Metastasio. Mention of the great librettist provides a prompt that my original review failed to stress the outstanding qualities of the text. Divided into two halves, the first part of the oratorio relates the story of the crucifixion as witnessed through the eyes of Mary Magdalene, John, and Joseph of Arimathea, who respond to the eager questioning of the remorseful Peter. The second part consists of philosophical commentary on the meaning of the crucifixion. Particularly in Part I, Metastasio draws on vivid imagery to convey the full horror of the event. Here, for example, is John describing the nailing to the cross: "… and some hardened, loutish men, sweating as they worked, bathed his face with their foul perspiration."

Antonio Caldara’s (1670-1736) pastoral fable L’Amor Non Ha Legge (Love has no laws) was a commission by the wealthy Johann Adam Questenberg. Its characters portray shepherds, nymphs, fantasy figures and gods. Although written for a local cast, the music looks forward to the more complex structures and musical technicalities of Mozart. It took Caldara two weeks to compose this extraordinary work. It occupies three CDs and Arta add a bonus All Region DVD with highlights from Caldara’s opera and other recent productions at Questenberg’s Baroque mansion.