German Baroque Cantatas

Georg Böhm is one of those German Protestant composers who has had the misfortune to have his name inextricably linked with that of J. S. Bach. In the case of Böhm, the link with Bach is especially potent, since there is the liklihood that the two became acquainted during the period Bach attended the Michaelisschule in Lüneburg (1700?c. 1703). More importantly, Böhm has long been acknowledged as an influence on Bach?s organ and keyboard music.

Following the album Arias, her much-acclaimed debut album on Sony Classical, the German soprano returns to Bach with three famous cantatas she has never recorded before. Regardless of their extraordinary musical beauty all of these cantatas are concerned with religious considerations of grief, guilt and farewell. Based on the Italian model of solo cantata which reached its peak in the extensive output of Alessandro Scarlatti, these melodious and touching pieces highlight Schäfer´s outstanding vocal abilities and musical taste. The arias offer most delightful duets with various instrumental solo parts such as flute, oboe and violin. Christine Schäfer is accompanied by the Berliner Barocksolisten, a first-class ensemble of players from the Berlin Philharmonic who perform on modern instruments in historically informed style.

The German Baroque cantata is not music I am typically attracted to, even from the pen of its greatest exponent, J. S. Bach. Thus, when the editor sent this recording to me, I wondered if he were trying to expand my horizons or perhaps had made a mistake. But I decided to listen before deciding whether I would attempt to review it or return it for reassignment.

Johann Rosenmüller (1619-1684) was without a doubt the greatest German composer of his generation. He artfully combined elements of Italian and German styles to create distinctive and intensely beautiful music that sounds as fresh today as it did in the 17th century. Rosenmüller was born in southeastern Germany around 1619, just when the Thirty Years’ War was getting started. As a young man in 1640, Rosenmüller entered the University of Leipzig to study theology – a discipline that included music.

This program also makes a perfect introduction to the world of the cantatas in general for anyone who loves Bach's instrumental music or larger vocal works (like the B minor Mass), but who has been hesitating before taking the plunge into the vast sea of his cantata production. Why? Simple: two of these pieces contain music found elsewhere in Bach's output. For example, the first chorus of BWV 120 became the concluding number (Et expecto) of the B minor Mass "Credo". BWV 29 opens with an almost shockingly brilliant arrangement (as an organ concerto) of the opening movement of the E major violin partita, followed by the chorus that appears in the B minor Mass as both the "Gratias" and the "Dona Nobis Pacem" (the German original means exactly the same thing as the Gratias: "We thank thee," making the adaptation entirely apropos). All three cantatas feature brilliant writing for trumpets (four of them in BWV 119) and drums, and were written for civic ceremonies in Leipzig. And if the words are often less than inspiring to us now, no one can argue that Bach didn't rise to the occasion musically.

Cantatas for an evening's music. Buxtehude's major contribution to mid-baroque German sacred music lay in the Abendmusiken, the evening concerts organized before Christmas by the organist of Lübeck outside the context of his official duties. While most contemporary cantors had to produce a cantata a week, Buxtehude placed his genius in the service of works of the highest artistic demands. Here are some of the most dazzling examples.

The complete cantata recordings of a Bach conductor who defined performance standards of these works in his day, newly remastered and compiled together for the first time on CD. In the generation of Bach interpreters before Karl Richter who brought his cantatas to an international audience, the name of Fritz Lehmann stands out: and indeed might still have eclipsed Richter but for his early death in 1956, at the age of just 51 and significantly just before the stereo era would move recorded music into a new era. Lehmann’s recorded legacy is nonetheless significant on its own terms, made mostly for Deutsche Grammophon and encompassing the Brahms’s German Requiem, and a Christmas Oratorio which he was recording at the time of his death, completed by Günther Arndt and now reissued by Eloquence (4827637).

Heinrich Albert (1604-1651) - Musikalische Kürbishütte
Cantus Cölln / Konrad Junghänel, lute & direction
EAC+LOG+CUE | FLAC: 256 MB | Full Artwork: 167 MB | 5% Recovery Info
Label/Cat#: Deutsche Harmonia Mundi # HMIOM 906-2 | Country/Year: Germany 1990
Genre: Classical | Style: Renaissance, Baroque, Secular, Vocal

"Heinrich Albert was a German composer and poet of the 17th century. He was a member of the Königsberg Poetic Society (Königsberger Dichterkreis). As a song composer, he was strongly influenced by Heinrich Schütz. (…) The poets would convene at the Kürbishütte, an arbor in Albert's garden, where the Linde dyke flows into the river Pregel. The council of Kneiphof had given the garden as a present to the organist in 1630. In his garden, Albert grew pumpkins and gourds, and the friends would carve their bucolic noms de plume into the gourds…"