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The use and appreciation of Scripture by the Manichaeans is a field of research with many unanswered questions. This study offers an investigation into the role of the Bible in the writings of the important Manichaean missionary Addas Adimantus (flor. ca. 250 CE), one of Mani's first disciples.

Epiphanius, chief bishop of Cyprus, published, in three Books, an historical encyclopedia of heretical sects, with the arguments, chiefly scriptural, needed to counter them, and called it the "Panarion" (Medicine Chest). This volume, Books II and III of the "Panarion," is chiefly concerned with the sects contemporary with him, the Arian, Manichaean and others.

Blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown leading to cerebral edema occurs in many brain diseases—such as trauma, stroke, inflammation, infection, and tumors—and is an important factor in the mortality arising from these con- tions.