Numerical Geometry of Image

With the ever-rising volume worldwide of visual content on computers and communication networks, it becomes increasingly important to understand visual processing, to model and evaluate image formation, and to attempt to interpret image content.

Thorough, Comprehensive Lectures with Examples and Cases for Middle and High School Students.

This volume is dedicated to the main task of mathematical geoscientists during the last forty years - to establish new frontiers and new challenges in the study and understanding of the natural world.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Geometric Science of Information, GSI 2021, held in Paris, France, in July 2021.

One hundred years ago (1904) Hermann Minkowski [58] posed a problem: to re­ 2 construct an even function I on the sphere 8 from knowledge of the integrals MI (C) = fc Ids over big circles C. Paul Funk found an explicit reconstruction formula for I from data of big circle integrals. Johann Radon studied a similar problem for the Eu­ clidean plane and space. The interest in reconstruction problems like Minkowski­ Funk's and Radon's has grown tremendously in the last four decades, stimulated by the spectrum of new modalities of image reconstruction. These are X-ray, MRI, gamma and positron radiography, ultrasound, seismic tomography, electron mi­ croscopy, synthetic radar imaging and others. The physical principles of these methods are very different, however their mathematical models and solution meth­ ods have very much in common. The umbrella name reconstructive integral geom­ etryl is used to specify the variety of these problems and methods. The objective of this book is to present in a uniform way the scope of well­ known and recent results and methods in the reconstructive integral geometry. We do not touch here the problems arising in adaptation of analytic methods to numerical reconstruction algorithms. We refer to the books [61], [62] which are focused on these problems. Various aspects of interplay of integral geometry and differential equations are discussed in Chapters 7 and 8. The results presented here are partially new.