Timothy Mcgowen

Crepuscolo is the final song in Ottorino Respighi’s song cycle Deità silvane (‘woodland deities’), but as an album title it also stands for the twilight during the interwar years of everything that Respighi represented, as various trends such as atonality, spiky neoclassicism and futurism flourished. In reaction to these developments, Respighi in 1932 famously signed a manifesto calling for music with a ‘human content’ – something which his songs certainly live up to: as Elsa Respighi, the composer’s wife, once said it was to his songs that he ‘entrusts his heart’s hidden secrets, when he lets his soul sing freely.’

L'histoire de l'idée de nation en Europe du Nord-Est retracée sur plus de quatre siècles. En 1569, la création de la République polono-lituanienne a correspondu à une conception de la nation fondée sur la citoyenneté et la tolérance envers les langues et religions. L'irruption du nationalisme moderne efface l'oeuvre de trois siècles d'ouverture au profit d'une conception ethnique de la nation. …