a Grammar of Mandarin

A Complete Reference for Your HSK 2 Success in 2023

This updated language-learning e-guide, with a brand-new free audio app, helps you learn to speak Mandarin Chinese in 15-minute visual lessons themed around common situations.

This book concerns two focus particles (jiu, dou) and wh-expressions (shenme = ‘what’, na geren = ‘which person’) in Mandarin Chinese. These items are systematically ‘ambiguous’ and have played important roles in various aspects of Mandarin grammar. An idea based on alternatives and varieties of alternatives in particular – following Chierchia’s 2013 analysis of the polarity system – is pursued to account for the systematic ambiguities.

Learn Basic Chinese : How To Speak Chinese : Learning Mandarin Chinese Language : Speaking Chinese Level 1

Deborah Fallows has spent a lot of her life learning languages and traveling around the world. But nothing prepared her for the surprises of learning Mandarin, China's most common language, or the intensity of living in Shanghai and Beijing.