Gas Processing

Having successfully replaced elements used in traditional, pollution-prone, energy-consuming separation processes, nanoporous materials play an important role in chemical processing. Although their unique structural or surface physicochemical properties can, to an extent, be tailored to meet specific process-related requirements, the task of characterizing them completely is still a difficult and frequently controversial problem.

This book is intended for scientists and engineers in the field of micro- and nano­ electro-mechanical systems (MEMS and NEMS) and introduces the development of cantilever-based sensor systems using CMOS-compatible micromachining from the design concepts and simulations to the prototype. It is also a useful resource for researchers on cantilever sensors and resonant sensors in general The reader will become familiar with the potential of the combination of two technological approaches: IC fabrication technology, notably CMOS technology, and silicon micromachining and the resulting microstructures such as cantilever beams. It was recognized early that these two technologies should be merged in order to make the microstructures smart and devise integrated microsystems with on-chip driving and signal conditioning circuitry - now known as CMOS MEMS or, with the arrival of nanostructures, CMOS NEMS. One way to achieve the merger is the post-processing micro- or nano- machining of finished CMOS wafers, some of which is described in this book. The book introduces this approach based on work carried out at the Physical Electronics Laboratory of ETH Zurich on arrays of cantilever transducers with on-chip driving and signal conditioning circuitry. These cantilevers are familiar from Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) and allow the sensitive detection of phys­ ical quantities such as forces and mass changes. The book is divided into three parts. First, general aspects of cantilever resona­ tors are introduced, e. g. their resonant behavior and possible driving and sensing mechanisms.

This volume, in the series "Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology", introduces aspects of downstream processing, biosurfactants and carotenoids. It includes discussion of gas phase biosensors, extractive bioconversion of lactic acid and microbial carotenoids.

This book offers a blend of academic and industrial papers on topics including advances in controls and process simulation, ingot defect formation and characterization studies, and process parameter-material properties characterization. The collection includes papers on the following topics:

This collection presents contributions on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and simulation of engineering processes from researchers and engineers involved in the modeling of multiscale and multiphase phenomena in material processing systems.

This collection presents contributions on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and simulation of engineering processes from researchers and engineers involved in the modeling of multiscale and multiphase phenomena in material processing systems.