Mozart Masses

As for the Masses, Mozart kept to the traditional plan in six sections (Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Benedictus, Agnus Dei), even when the inpression is that the sections are more numerous (as many as 21 in the "Orphanage" Mass), it is actually a matter of sub-sections, of varying number according to the requirements of the particular work, including famous and impressive settings of the 'Laudamus te' and 'Et incarnatus est'.

This 10 CD-Set offers a collection of the most popular Mass compositions from the Viennese Classics up to the romantic period. It includes famous masterpieces like Mozart’s „Coronation Mass“, Beethoven Missa solemnis, Haydn „Harmony Mass“, Gounod St. Cecilia Mass but also rarities like „Missa Sancti Joannis Nepomuceni“ by Michael Haydn, the „Coronation Mass“ by Cherubini, „Missa sacra“ by Robert Schumann and the „Misa solemnis“ of the german romantic composer Friedrich Kiel. Performed by well known artists like the Vienna Boys’ Choir, RIAS Chamber Choir, Tölzer Boys’ Choir, Wiener Akademie and last but not least also includes the spectacular recording of Beethoven’s Missa solemnis with conductor Michael Gielen.

The Masses in C, K317 and 337, which date from 1779 and 1780 respectively, are the last of Mozart's 15 Salzburg Masses, ten of which are in this key. Both are short (26 minutes and 23 minutes, respectively), in compliance with the Archbishop of Salzburg's rule that no Mass, including the Epistle Sonata and the Offertory or Motet, should last longer than three quarters of an hour. The earlier of the two, K317, is well known (perhaps because it has a convenient nickname, probably referring to its use at an annual service held since 1751 in commemoration of the miraculous crowning of an image of the Virgin in the pilgrimage church of Maria-Plain near Salzburg) and has been recorded many times, whereas K337 is virtually unknown, though musically no less interesting.

As the mysterious opening bars of the Kyrie gradually emerge into the light, we know that this recording of Mozart’s glorious Great Mass in C minor is a special one: the tempi perfect, the unfolding drama of the choral writing so carefully judged, and, above it all, the crystalline beauty of soloist Carolyn Sampson’s soprano, floating like a ministering angel. Masaaki Suzuki’s meticulous attention to detail, so rewarding in his remarkable Bach recordings, shines throughout this disc, the playing alert, the choir responsive, the soloists thrilling. And there is the bonus of an exhilarating Exsultate, Jubilate with Sampson on top form.

First things first: if you're seeing a picture of this disc on the site of an online retailer, be aware that it contains the Mass in C minor, K. 427, not the "Mass in C," promised by the cover, which would more likely be the "Coronation" Mass in C major, K. 337. It is always a shame when designers are given power of diktat over content editors. The so-called "Great" Mass in C minor is one of Mozart's most ambitious and most problematical works. There was no known immediate stimulus for its composition. Did Mozart begin writing it out of one of his rare religious impulses, on the occasion of his marriage to his bride Constanze? Out of his growing devotion to Freemasonry? Was it his first major exercise in applying the lessons in Bach-style counterpoint he had been receiving at the intellectual salons of the Baron van Swieten in Vienna? Or was it meant as a showpiece for singer Constanze with its killer soprano arias? It was all of these things and none of them, for Mozart never finished the mass.

Mozart wrote two major masses as a boy: the easy-going Domincus Mass (K 66) and the Waisenhaus Mass in C Minor (K 139 / 47a). The latter was misdated by Köchel; it was thought to be too mature for the mass that Mozart was known to have composed for the imperial orphanage in 1768 (Mozart's trumpet concerto which was premièred at the same event is sadly lost). When the attribution became surer, accusations were made that Leopold had contributed to its composition. Whatever the truth of the matter be, it's miraculous. As evocative as the three-part Kyrie is, the Crucifixus and Agnus Dei could pass muster if tacked on to the torso of the Mass in C Minor, K 427 (the latter is lacking these two sections). Unlike his later missae, the Waisenhaus Mass follows the Neapolitan format where the Gloria and Credo feature extensive arias.