Use of Color

This brief presents a study addressing the impact of a college degree upon officer use of force. The average American municipal police academy only requires 26 weeks of training, despite previous studies showing overwhelming support that college educated police officers apply more discretion in their use of force than officers without a college degree. Taking into account contemporary public/police conflicts and how American perceptions of police are based largely on officer use of force, this study offers a more current perspective on the profession’s changing dynamic over the past decade.

This Brief describes a reality based approach to use-of-force training in law enforcement, an area of growing importance. It explains what scenario-based training is, how it works to improve police-community relations, and provides a guide for how the training can be implemented. This brief will be of value to researchers working to understand the negative impact of use of force on police-community relations, and interested in alternative approaches that integrate academic research with tactical experience.

This book studies force, the coercive application of power against resistance, building from Thomas Hobbes’ observation that all self-contained political orders have some ultimate authority that uses force to both dispense justice and to defend the polity against its enemies. This cross-disciplinary analysis finds that rulers concentrate force through cooperation, conveyance, and comprehension, applying common principles across history. Those ways aim to keep foes from concerting their actions, or by eliminating the trust that should bind them. In short, they make enemies afraid to cooperate, and now they are doing so in cyberspace as well.

Students will use color as value- subjective colors