Letterpress

During the sixteenth and seventeenth century large parts of Italy were under Spanish dominion, the consequence of which was a linguistic contact that lasted over 200 years. However, due to the traditionally tight link between Italian language historiography and national historiography, the multilingual communicative space of Spanish Italy has only recently become an object of research. By focusing on four Spanish-dominated areas - the two metropolises of Naples (Regno di Napoli) and Milan (Milanesado), as well as the two islands of Sicily (Regno di Sicilia) and Sardinia (Regno di Sardegna) - the present work therefore presents a fundamental, extensive, and comparative case study of the history of plurilingualism and of letterpress printing in Italia spagnola. For the first time, even methodologically, letterpress printing will be considered as an indicator of plurilingualism, and not simply as a gauge for Tuscanisation, as scholars have previously concluded.

Exposures in the printing industry are assessed according to their occurrence in printing ink manufacture and in printing operations such as letterpress lithography flexography gravure and screen-printing. Although many epidemiological studies have demonstrated some evidence of cancer risk in printing trades and printing industries the assessment found several important problems in the design of these studies. Occupational exposures in printing processes were classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. Printing inks could not be classified.